英文政治論文印度的戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)

　　這篇英文政治論文主要內(nèi)容是針對(duì)印度當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，對(duì)其戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)行深入研究，本文是一篇符合格式要求的thesis范文�！�電子科學(xué)技術(shù)與應(yīng)用》(ISSN刊號(hào)：2251-2608)衷心邀請(qǐng)來(lái)自世界各地的學(xué)者們投稿，來(lái)稿會(huì)進(jìn)行同行評(píng)審。本刊屬開(kāi)放獲取刊，可以即時(shí)查看或訪問(wèn)研究結(jié)果，同時(shí)允許免費(fèi)使用學(xué)者的研究成果。本刊致力于出版電子和電子工程領(lǐng)域全面和最新發(fā)展的高質(zhì)量學(xué)術(shù)論文。我們?yōu)殡娮雍碗娮庸こ填I(lǐng)域廣泛的研究人員和專(zhuān)業(yè)人士提供了一個(gè)交流和信息交換平臺(tái)。

　　留學(xué)生strategy Thesis：印度的戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)

　　India's Strategic And Economic

　　在過(guò)去的五年里，印度經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長(zhǎng)，對(duì)能源的需求也在快速增長(zhǎng)。印度進(jìn)口70%的國(guó)內(nèi)原油需求。大部分的印度石油進(jìn)口來(lái)自西南亞。供應(yīng)路線穿過(guò)霍爾木茲海峽的瓶頸。任何破壞這些都將嚴(yán)重影響我們的國(guó)家利益。因此，有必要使我們的供應(yīng)來(lái)源多樣化，以減少我們對(duì)海灣石油的依賴(lài)。中亞地區(qū)的能源資源豐富，為我們的擴(kuò)展提供了一個(gè)誘人的前景。

　　Indian economy has grown at a rapid pace in the last five years and so has the demand for energy of a billion people. India imports 70% of its domestic crude oil requirements. The bulk of India's oil imports come from West Asia. The supply routes pass through the choke point of Strait of Hormuz. Any disruption in these will severely impact our national interest. Hence there is a need to diversify our supply sources in order to reduce our dependence on Gulf oil. Central Asian Region being rich in energy resources and located in our extended neighbourhood offer a tempting prospect.

　　The CARs situated on the eastern flank of the Caspian Sea have significant oil and natural gas reserves to be considered as a possible source of diversification for countries heavily dependent on energy imports from West Asia and elsewhere . While estimates of reserves vary widely across different sources, there is a consensus that the region has much potential.

　　Energy is the engine of economic growth. Availability of energy is the key to sustainable development, and has a direct impact in most aspects of our daily life. Inadequacy of energy supply affects very adversely vital and essential requirements of any society. Hence, there is an urgent need to enhance substantially the energy availability at a rapid pace so that aspirations of those who have remained at the fringes of development are able to benefit from access to this important input.

　　The Central Asian Republics comprising of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan encompass the vast geo- political space north of India. When part of the USSR, the region had stability and was thus of little interest to the international world order. Relations with India were determined with the framework of Indo-USSR relations as existed between New Delhi and Moscow. The post - USSR environment has changed all this, requiring New Delhi to re- establish relations with the five newly independent nation- states on the basis of new realities.

　　It is remarkable that while energy resources are getting increasingly scarce in the rest of the world, new oil fields are being discovered with great regularity in Central Asia. Some experts maintain that Central Asian resources may be difficult to reach because of it is the largest land mass in the world, which is land locked. This is both a challenge and an opportunity, because in today's technology driven world, it is not always necessary to transport material. This is the logic of investment abroad and organising production facilities there.

　　India has long-standing historical ties with Central Asia that encompasses the political, cultural, economic and religious dimensions. The impact of regional developments in Central Asia on India's history has been longstanding and substantial.

　　According to Mr. Yashwant Sinha, Former Minister of External Affairs, Government of India, 'India's increasing engagement with Central Asia is aimed at promoting peace and mutual prosperity. Central Asia can once again be a bridge between the East and West, if its neighbourhoodis peaceful and stable, and if the only interference from outside is one of beneficial economic inputs. The bridge can contribute to peace and prosperity and energy security in the wider world too.'

　　METHODOLOGY 方法論

　　Statement of the Problem

　　To examine the potential of CARs to supplement India's Energy Imports & the possible routes through which Energy could flow to the South Asian Markets.

　　Hypothesis 假設(shè)

　　Central Asian Republics as a region has been endowed with abundant energy resources. Their significance is due to their Geo-strategic loc as well as its rich energy deposits. The Geo- political developments in the region would perforce have an impact on India. Peace & stability in Central Asia is an imperative to harness the abundant energy resources. The Central Asian region represents a tempting prospect for diversification of supply sources to India, being located in its extended neighbourhood.

　　Justification of the Study 研究的確證

　　Indian economy has changed gears after the historic decision of liberalisation in 1991. Globalisation coupled with liberalisation ha s brought about a sea change in our lives .India has made rapid strides in industrialisation , IT industry , Telecom , Education, service industry and infrastructure development. Our energy consumption has far outpaced our domestic production. Most of our crude imports come from Gulf countries. The supply routes are prone to disruption and can severely impact our national interest. Although we have started acquiring energy stakes in Africa we need to diversify our energy sources.

　　While India is surrounded by energy rich neighbourhood-Pakistan, Bangladesh and Myanmar access to supply energy from these remain elusive. Political compulsions and indifferent relations are an impediment to energy imports through Bangladesh and Pakistan. In Myanmar ONGC has acquired exploration acreages. However any gas finds could make transportation a challenge unless Bangladesh allows transit through its territory.

　　In view of the above, energy imports from CARs in India's extended neighbourhood needs to be critically examined in order to optimise the full potential of Indo-CAR energy cooperation.

　　Scope 范圍

　　This study seeks to focus on the potential of INDO- CAR energy cooperation and identify the possible routes of energy flow from CAR to India.

　　Methods of Data Collection 方法和數(shù)據(jù)收集

　　The means of data collection has been number of books and papers by various prominent Indian and foreign authors, newspapers and many other wide ranging array of sources. Various internet sites have also been browsed for data collection .Books and websites consulted are listed in the bibliography.

　　Organisation of the Dissertation 論文結(jié)構(gòu)

　　It is proposed to study the subject in the following manner:-

　　Chapter I: Introduction.

　　Chapter II: Emergence of CAR as Nation States and their Geo -Strategic significance.

　　Chapter III: India's Energy Sources.

　　Chapter IV: Energy Potential of CAR.

　　Chapter V: Interest of Global and Regional Players in Central Asia.

　　Chapter VI: Challenges and Threats to Security of Central Asian Region.

　　Chapter VII: India - Central Asia Energy Cooperation.

　　Chapter VIII: India's strategy.

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